| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| new england colonies had small farming producing… | Wheat and Barley |
| in a township system land was given to how many people | a group and divided among them |
| new england colonies went off of what system | township |
| since new england colonies were not big on farming due to their conditions, what did they do to makd money | Enterprise and ship building (fishermen and ships) |
| why did the new england colonies not rely heavily on farming for their source of money | northern climates (cold) and not rich soil |
| why did new England's colonies need naval supplies | build tools/materials to buuld ships and tools/materials for fishing such as nets |
| new England thought it was cheaper to ship what over what | fnished good rather than raw material |
| why did new England ship finished goods instead of raw material | cheaper in the long run |
| how many of the worlds ships were produced in New england | 1/3 |
| how many trees did it take to produce one ship | around 2000 |
| what colonies developed a commercial industry and grew very quickly | New England Colonies |
| what group stopped paying as close attention to religion and started focusing on the outside world | Puritans |
| at a certain point in time there were teenage girls who listened to surprising stories told by the witch named… | Tituba |
| Tituba (and a few others) casted a spell on teenage girls and when they began to act weird the town diagnosed them as being… | witches |
| how long did the period when evryone assumed everyone was witched happen | ten months |
| which colonies included new york, Pennsylvania, Delaware,philidephia | middle colonies |
| which system did the middle colonies use | head right system |
| what did the middle colonies grow? and what was different from the farming capabilities between new England and middle colonies | northern crops (wheat and barley) and southern soil/climate |
| what percentage was the colonial cities compared to the rest of the new world | 10 Percent land/population |
| where we coastal cities developed | on the coast, near water/river side |
| what were the colonies noticable class system | Merchant (high) crafts people and retailers (middle) unskilled and boatmen (bottom) |
| problems with city life | sanitation, plumbing, crime,and over crowded |
| why did the city people have more issues than the country people | the cities were over crowded and country people were spread out |
| how are most of the city problems solved | English method of responsibility (everyone does their part) |
| what was known as the "Hub of Society" | Taverns |
| people went to taverns because… | traveling was hard, especially at night. politics. religion. business. friends. |
| taverns were often regulated by the government because… | it kept business good(good standards). |
| what were all black men (free or not) banned from in taverns | alcohol |
| the enlightenment period was around the… | 1700s |
| during the enlightenment british made their own identities because… | ever growing societies/trends caused them to keep up |
| what was based on rational thoughts, scientific discovery, and individual freedom | the enlightenment |
| the enlightenment wouldn't have happened without… | education/knowledge |
| who created the blank slate | john locke |
| define the blank slake theory | evry child is born "empty" and their environment is what impacts who they become |
| who appenimized the enlightenment in America | ben franklin |
| what did ben franklin publish | news papers, a book named "poor Richards almanac" |
| which place is the hot spot for education (for the enlightenment) | New England |
| what were the two reasons new England was the hotspot for education | southern colonies land and north did not so north needed to learn how to make money within the township (city life) system. puritans needed education to learn how to read/understand the scriptures |
| what time period did the great awakening take place | between 1730 and 1740 |
| during the great awakening what did the puritans change their name too | Congregationalist |
| during the great awakening what happened when the preachers decided to start controlling everything | many lost faith, everything began to change, preachers moved to try to spread faith elsewhere |
| what was it called when the preachers began to try to spread the faith elsewhere during the great awakening | circuit preaching |
| who is Johnathan Edwards | preacher who used the fire/brimstone method to get people to have faith in religion (people were sinners laying in the hands of a pissed off God) |
| who inspired Johnathan Edwards | George Whitefield |
| who is George Whitefield | believed in Indian salvation, people had to be born again within the faith to truly be a christian (have personal experience) |
| who was a great significance towards the faith because they caused the first major movement within the entire nation which impacted almost everyone | George Whitefield |
| in the 1600s the England government did not control strictly over… | colonies |
| what changed with the ruling over colonies in new England in the 1600s | the king decided one day to start interfering directly and indirectly over everything that was done |
| in the 1600s Britain saw the colonists as citizens but.. | they did not have the same rights/treatment |
| during the time of the king taking control over the colonies the officials were in pleasure of… the citizens or the king | the king (they were appointed not elected) |
| define mercantilism | belief tat many aspects had to be regulated to get the greatest amount of profit |
| merchant money = power, so what if you wanted more money | had to go somewhere else to get it |
| the negotiation act of 1651, what % of the crew to be English | 50 % |
| what was the 1651 negotiation act | required all goods going into England or colonies had to arrive on England ships and ships must have at least 50% English crew members |
| what was the 1660 negotiation act | the crew had to be at least 75% English and products not made in the mother country had to be shipped only to England and other countries |
| what % of the crew had to be English according to the 1660 negotiation act | 75% |
| what was the 1663 negotiation act | any ship from Europe to america had to be stopped in Britain (England) and pay tax |
| the three negotiation acts were set to do what | help the mother country despite what it may do to the colonies |
| who passed the three negotiation acts | king Charles the 2nd |
| king charles created what to enforce the negotiation acts | the lords of trade |
| what did the lords of trades have control over | name of the colonial gov , driving force in collecting taxes |
| everyone was mad because of the tax rules but who was more angry than anyone else | the puritans |
| why were the puritans so angry about the taxes placed | taxed killed thoughts of the city upon a hill (whole reason they left for new world) |
| everyone paid taxes expect who | massachusetts bay |
| massachusetts bay has a battle with the king over not paying taxes, the king wins and what happens | king got rid of their gov (charter) and sets a new gov called dominion of new england |
| who was the governor of Dominion of New England | Edmund Andros |
| James the 2nd becomes king after charles the 2nd and he supports who | Edmund Andros |
| Edmund Andros and James the 2nd do what with the taxes | spreads the taxes further throughout New England |
| what does Edmund and James the 2nd take over to piss off the puritan people | they take over a church of the puritans to use as a church for their religion (anglaten services) |
| why is the glorious revolution called what it is and why is it so glorious | gets rid of king james and replaces him with his daughter mary and her husband William the 3rd. there was not much fighting/killing so they called it glorious |
| why did king james 2nd make everyone made (puritans and not) | he pissed puritans off by taking away one of their churches, he pissed everyone off by being a catholic ruling over an anglaten land |
| what religion was mary and her husband william the 3rd | anglaten (just like the rest of the land) |
| after the transition of power (james 2nd and andros with his people got arrested) the old form of gov was brought back to evrywhere expect who | massachusetts bay and plymouth (the become one) |
| mary and william 3rd rule over a limited monarchy which means… | they get to rule as king and queen but their are set rules that they must follow while ruling |
| who wrote a treaty which said people had the rights to liberty, property, and light. if the gov tried to take these rights away they are said to be a bad gov and need to be replaced | john locke |
| what powers do the governor have | power and agenda of kings. veto legislation. but assembly held more power than gov |
| what power do the assembly have | restrictions for voting. controlled budget by voting on taxes and spending. initiate legislation. |
| what were the restrictions of voting for the assembly | property owners, members of the church |
| what power do the council have | appoint to remove officials. command land/sea military. veto colonial legislation. grant pardon. anything it should be/is duty of gov |
| native american problems on the coastal regions | the coastal regions were not as close causing the Indians to always be at war compared to the southern Indians |
| how did the English make the coastal Indians go against themselves | divide and conquer |
| when the English decided to use the method of divide and conquer to keep the coastal Indians at war with each other, what did they have to insure didn't happen | the Indians coming together to create a super power |
| what began King Philip's war | john sassamon was killed and three natives were found trialed and found guilty then killed |
| who was king Philip | the chef of the Wampanoags tribe, his Indian name was Metacomet |
| who wins the king Philips war | the English. the Indians lose because they do not have the supplies to fight/win |
| what were the problems of the spanish | controlled haphazardly, did not succeed like britian |
| what were the reasons that the Spanish were not successful | focused too much on religion and not enough on economy, rarely sent women to the new world causing a decrease in population |
| who discovered the city of QueBec | Champlain |
| what Indian tribe had hatred for the French | Iroquois tribe |
| the french did not allow what religious group in their society | Huguenots |
| in 1750 the English had how many people and the french had how many people | English- 1.5 million, french- 80 thousand |
| who had the better relationship with the Indians between the french and English | french |
| why did the french have a good relationship with all the native tribes aside from the Iroquois tribe | didn't have as many people (meant less land used), did not want much land bc they just wanted trading posts |
| the french needed the Indians so they did what | became accustom to their indian culture |
| both the french and English were big on converting the Indians into their religion but who handled the converting better | french |
| why did the french do a better job at converting the Indians than the English did into their religion | french brought in the Jesuit Influence (personal level), did not ask the Indians to leave their homes to convert (french lived among the Indians) |
| what does it mean when they say a war ended with status quo antebellum | before war, nothing changed, remained the same |
| what is guerrilla warfare | nontraditional attacking method (sniper type stuff) |
| which war consists of the Iroquois help the Britain vs the french with the help of whoever they can find (Indian wise) | king Williams war |
| how does the king Williams war end | Iroquois give in, British give up, end with antebellum |
| what is the other name for king Williams war | war of the league of augsburg |
| what is the other name for queen Annes war | war of Spanish succession |
| what is the other name for king Georges war | war of Austrian succession |
| what is the other name for french and Indian war | seven years war |
| how does Anne's war end | ends in antebellum, with the exception of British getting nova Scotia and British got limited traded rights in Spanish Caribbean |
| what happens in Jenkins ear war | Spanish official cuts off the ear of a British guy |
| which war leads to the king Georges war | Jenkins ear war |
| how did the king George war end | antebellum |
| who fought in the french and Indian war | Britain and the help of Indian allies vs french and the help of Indian allies |
| why did the french and British fight in the seven years war | both trying to become more powerful in america |
| George Washington was part of which side in the seven years war | British side |
| during the seven years war what happened when George Washington was sent by Virginia government to survey land | meet up with french troops, shots fired, but gets to leave (surrounded and surrender) |
| who created the Albany Plan | Ben Franklin |
| what was the Albany Plan | said we are one gov. it should have different segments like Indian affairs, tax rights, etc. |
| when was the albany plan passed by the colonies | never |
| who did the English send oved that used the ole style of fighting in formations but french and idians use guerilla warfare to defeat him (French and indiAn war) | general Edward Braddock |
| who was brought in by the French right after general edward braddock but did not do much better so was removed as well (french and indian war) | general Louden |
| who does the French bring in to lead them to final Victory and fails as well because he tried to do away with native American allies(french and indian war) | general Montcolm |
| Britain puts who in charge that takes charge,makes change, and lead them to victory( french and indian war) | William Pitt |
| The treaty of Paris 1763 ended which war | French and Indian war |
| how did the French and Indian war end? | Not an antebellum. changed the u.s. territory completely. |
| what was the territory changes after the french and indian war | France is ousted from N. America, spain loses Florida but got french lamd west of miss river, and british gained everything east of Missi river |
| after the French and Indian war British leave behind what | about 10 thousand soldiers n the colonies |
| why did Europe not like that the British soldiers stayed in the colonies after the french and Indian war | they were paying taxes to support this |
| define the Pontiac's Rebellion | the native american revolt in the Ohio valley, they were trying to force the encroaching colonies (the British) back out |
| who won Pontiac's rebellion | the British BC of an early development called biological warfare |
| what is biological warfare (first used during the Pontiac rebellion) | British threw smallpox infested blankets over the wall of the Indian village, causing most to become sick |
| what was the proclamation of 1763 | the colonies do not go past the Appalachian mountains |
| why did the British gov create the proclamation of 1763 | they saw it as a barrier to avoid trouble with Indians |
| why did the colonies not like the proclamation of 1763 | they felt as though they were being restricted and that it was going against self gov |
| England had many actions controlled by the king and his chief minister but the king fired and hired so many. Who did they bring in to keep the control stable | George Grenville |
| why did George Grenville want to balance the taxes | because the Englishmen were paying more than the american colonies |
| why did George Grenville find the customer service in bad condition | smuggling was a huge problem (blaming people like John Hancock) |
| what does George Grenville create to keep smuggling down | a naval court in Nova Scotia and enforces the old navigation acts as well as create a few new ones |
| what was the Molasses act of 1733 | colonies had to pay tax on sugar |
| why was the Molasses act of 1733 made | to try to reduce/stop french sugar from entering the colonies |
| explain the sugar act of 1764 | cut the tax amount from the molasses act in half, hoping to get more legal trade |
| why was the sugar act of 1764 important | it was the first time the parliament taxed the colonies alone rather than the whole empire |
| what other items were taxed other than sugar during the sugar act of 1764 | wine, coffee, and indigo |
| explain the currency act of 1764 | colonies were running low on money so they began printing their own |
| why didn't the English like the currency act | it devalued the English money, after the Grenville removed it, it devalued the money even more |
| what is the stamp act | all legal and printer documents had to have a stamp (everything) |
| what is the quartering act | solders staying in the colonist homes, supply the British troops in the colonies with room and board |
| general English laws= | no taxation without representation |
| what problem did the colonist have with George Grenvilles naval court | it had no jury and the burden of proof was on the defendant |
| when Grenville was taken out of power who did the king bring in to be chief minister | Marquis of Rockinham |
| Marquis of Rockinham and William Pitt issue what | the declaratory act |
| what is the declaratory act | parliament had the right to pass any law in regards to the colonies |
| Charles Townshend, the secretary of the treasury for England, passed what act | the revenue act of 1767 |
| explain the revenue act of 1767 | put taxes on imported glass, paint, paper, and tea |
| what did the daughters of liberty do to show resistance (after the revenue act of 1767) | silent resistance by boycotting British clothes and making them by hand |
| explain the boston massacre | five people died and eight people injured after colonies begin to start throwing rocks and getting mad over troops staying in the colonies homes |
| after Charles townshen, the next treasurer is Lord North who repeals which act | the revenue act of 1767 except getting rid of tax on tea |
| what did Lord North do that tipped the colonies to having the Boston tea party | allowed the company to see directly to the colonies but the colonist still had to pay taxes |
| the English passed the Quebec act, which did what… | gave the French Catholics land in the Ohio river valley |
| explain the Coercive Acts that the English gov passed | shut down the port of Boston until it paid for tea, enacted a new/harsher quartering act, and gov officials would be tried in England |
| why did the English gov pass the Coercive Acts | the Boston tea party really upset them |
| what did the colonist call the Coercive Acts | the intolerable acts |
| explain the Suffolk resolves | said the intolerable acts were void so the 1st continental congress placed their own economic sanctions on England |
| who passed the Suffolk Resovles | the first continental congress |
| explain the continental association | every town enforce a total boycott of British goods |
| once the continental association is placed, who does the British send over to keep things in order | general Thomas Gage |
| what was the date that General Thomas Gage send troops to Lexington and Concord to arrest Samuel Adams and John Hancock |
April 19, 1775 |
| when Massachusetts militia gets prepared and waits for the British militia what does it lead to | the shot herd around the world |
| the British move from Lexington to concord but do not get very far bc of Paul Revere so they return but what happens the entire trip back | they are molested and attacked by american colonial militia |
| what year do the Americans officially gain their freedom (treaty) | 1783 |
| the second continental congress chose George Washington to lead the continental army because.. | he has experience from French and Indian war, from Virginia, has money and will help pay for american revolution |
| who strikes at fort Ticonderoga and gain tons of weapons | Benedict Arnold and Ethan Allen |
| explain the Bunker's and Breed's Hill (battle of bunker's hill) | Militia men from Boston go to Boston, Americans meet at breed's hill, British attack american forces, but Americans were short on ammunition causing them to loose |
| explain the olive branch petition | loyal to king and if all of the bad acts (taxes and issues) are repealed, Americans will stop fighting |
| who won the battle of bunker's hill | the British won but lost many soldiers (many died) |
| explain Canadian Offensive | Americans decide to make an attack on Canada. 2 different attacks on Quebec but both fail |
| who wrote the book Common Sense | Thomas paine |
| what kind of questions does Thomas Paine ask in his book Common Sense | questions to make the readers think such as why does a tiny island control over 13 colonies, spoke to many Americans to get them involved |
| who drafted the declaration of independence | Thomas Jefferson |
| the declaration of independence reasoned or explained what | why the Americans were rebelling |
| what were patriots called | wigs |
| what were loyalists called | tories |
| most believed america could not beat the British in the american revolution because they were very powerful but the Americans eventually win because of what | they break the British will to fight/win |
| aside from the american revolution being a war, what else did it do | change social classes, changed political systems, and created a new sense of nationalism and self government |
| what state was a huge British military town | new york |
| who goes to new York to defeat George Washington but does not deliver the final blow | General William Howe and admiral Richard Howe |
| to uplift the american spirits, George Washington launches a surprise sneak attack where and when | Trenton new jersey (Christmas night) and Princeton new jersey (new years ) |
| the winter after George Washington gave his surprise attacks, what were the two problems that came about | continental congress had little money and unable to pay the soldiers or buy supplies, smallpox and enlistment terms were hurting number of military |
| how does the continental congress fix the two issues during the winter | agreement to be in military term for 3 years (will gain 20$ and 100 acres of land) |
| in 1777, the British want to isolate new England from the rest of the colonies with what | a three prong attack (north,south, and west directions) |
| during the British three prong attack, who came from which direction | general Howe (north), general Burgoyne (south), and Lt. st. Leger (west) |
| why did the British's three prong attack fail | general Howe was too focused on capturing Philadelphia and general Burgoyne encounters bad trails with all his library books, silverware, mistresses |
| in October of 1777, Burgoyne surrendered Saratoga to who | Benedict Arnold and Horatio gates |
| explain the treaty of alliance | between america and french, treaty said they fight until freedom was won and both sides agreed to terms with England |
| other than america, which other country does France have an alliance with | Spain |
| during the winter of 1777-1778, George Washington and his men stay where | valley forge |
| what problems did George Washington and his men have during their time in valley forge | low on morale, supplies, and bad sanitation |
| who is Baron Von Steuben and what does he do | he is a Prussian officer. he trains and readies soldiers for war (George Washington army) after winter of 1777-1778 |
| after general Howe resigns, who does George Washington fight | Henry Clinton |
| who is George Rogers Clark | led a group of frontier men out to the northwest and he is winning |
| General Cornwallis began to focus on the southern colonies because | he thought there were many Tories in region and that they would help out. the south was more valuable to England because it produced all large cash crops |